There are good surveys in David M. Schaps, Handbook for Classical Research, (Routledge, London and New York, 2011); and Fred W. Jenkins, Classical Studies: A Guide to the Reference Literature (2nd edn.; Libraries Unlimited, Westport, Conn. and London, 2006) for starting reference works.
A brief overview of the ancient Greek language can be found in S. Hawkins, 2010. “The Greek Language,” in M. Gagarin and E. Fantham (eds.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Volume 1. Academy-Bible. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford. pp. 356–360.
In short, these are very important works:
Danker, Frederick W. 2000. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (3rd edn.; rev. and ed. by F. W. Danker), University of Chicago Press, Chicago.BIBLIOGRAPHY
This is the standard New Testament lexicon for many English speaking scholars.
Blass, F. and A. Debrunner. 1961. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (trans. and rev. of 9th-10th German edn. with notes of A. Debrunner by R. W. Funk), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Probably the standard New Testament grammar for many English speaking scholars.
I.1 Etymological Dictionaries
Beekes, R. S. P. 2010. Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, Leiden.
Chantraine, Pierre. 1999. Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque: histoire des mots (with a supplement), Klincksieck, Paris.
Frisk, Hjalmar, 1954–1972. Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (3 vols.), C. Winter, Heidelberg.
I.2 General and Classical Greek Lexicons
Adrados, Francisco R., Gangutia, Elvira et al. 1980– . Diccionario griego-español (6 vols.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Antonio de Nebrija, Madrid.
This is still incomplete, but some information is online.
Bodoh, John J. 1984. An Index of Greek Verb Forms, Olms, Hildesheim.
Denniston, J. D. 1954. The Greek Particles, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Estienne, Henri. 1572. Thesaurus Graecae Linguae (5 vols.), Paris.
The original edition of the Thesaurus Graecae Linguae was written by Henri Estienne (Henricus Stephanus, 1531–1598). All cognate words are arranged under the single root word. This can now be accessed online.
Estienne, Henri. 1831–1865. Thesaurus Graecae Linguae (8 vols.; ed. Karl Wilhelm Dindorf [Guilelmus Dindorfius] and Ludwig August Dindorf [Ludovicus Dindorfius]), Ambroise Firmin Didot, Paris.
This should not be confused with the original edition by Henri Estienne. This edition was updated by scholars led by the brothers Dindorf. Entries are in alphabetical order.
Estienne, Henri. 1816–1828. Thesaurus Graecae Linguae (14 vols.; ed. A. J. Valpy), Aedibus Valpianis, London.
This updated version of Henri Estienne’s original work was done by British scholars under E. H. Barker.
Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott. 1996. A Greek-English Lexicon (9th edn.; rev. and augm. by Henry Stuart Jones with Roderick McKenzie, with rev. supplement), Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott. 2010. An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon (7th edn. of Liddell and Scott’s Greek-English Lexicon), Benediction Classics, Oxford.
Marinone, Nino. 1985. All the Greek Verbs, Duckworth, London.
Rijksbaron, Albert. 1997. New Approaches to Greek Particles, J.C. Gieben, Amsterdam.
Woodhouse, S. C. 1964. English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.
Greek Lexicon Project
http://www.classics.cam.ac.uk/faculty/research_groups_and_societies/greek_lexicon/
Classicists at Cambridge are currently creating a new intermediate Ancient Greek-English lexicon. It will be available through the Perseus Project at Tufts University as well.
I.3 New Testament Greek Lexicons
Bauer, Walter. 1979. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (2nd edn.; rev. and aug. by F. Wilbur Gingrich and Frederick W. Danker from Walter Bauer’s 5th edn.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.
This is superceded by Danker 2000.
Danker, Frederick W. 2000. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (3rd edn.; rev. and ed. by F. W. Danker), University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
This is the standard New Testament lexicon for many English speaking scholars.
Lampe, G. W. H. 1961. A Patristic Greek Lexicon, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Moulton, James Hope and George Milligan. 1952. The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament: Illustrated from the Papyri and Other Non-Literary Sources, Hodder and Stoughton, London.
II.1 General and Attic/Classical Greek
Betts, Gavin and Alan Henry. 1993. Ancient Greek: A Complete Course, NTC Pub. Group, Lincolnwood, Ill.
[the earlier edn. of Gavin and Henry 2003]
Betts, Gavin and Alan Henry. 2003. Ancient Greek (new edn.), Hodder Headline, London.
Buck, C. D. 1968. The Greek Dialects. Grammar, Selected Inscriptions, Glossary (new edn.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Cooper, Guy L. and K. W. Krueger. 1998-2002. Attic Greek Prose Syntax (2 vols.), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
Cooper, Guy L. and K. W. Krueger. 2002. Greek Syntax: Early Greek Poetic and Herodotean Syntax (2 vols.), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
To be used with caution.
Dik, Helma. 1995. Word Order in Ancient Greek: A Pragmatic Account of Word Order Variation in Herodotus, Gieben, Amsterdam.
Dover, K. J. 2000. Greek Word Order, Bristol Classical Press, London.
Gignac, Francis T. 1976–1981. A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods (2 vols.), Istituto editoriale cisalpino-La goliardica, Milan.
Gildersleeve, Basil Lanneau. 1900–1911. Syntax of Classical Greek from Homer to Demosthenes (2 vols.), American Book Company, New York and Chicago.
Goodwin, William Watson. 1912. Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb, Macmillan, London.
Goodwin, William Watson. 1965 [1889]. Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb (rev. edn.), Macmillan and St. Martin's Press, London and New York.
Goodwin, William Watson. 1997. Greek Grammar (repr. of the 1894 rev. edn.), Bristol Classical Press, London.
Kühner, Raphael and Bernhard Gerth. 1955. Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (4th edn. based on the 3rd; 2 vols.), Hahn, Hannover.
Mastronarde, Donald J. 1993. Introduction to Attic Greek, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Mayser, Edwin. 1970. Grammatik der griechischen Papyri aus der Ptolemäerzeit: mit Einschluss der gleichzeitigen Ostraka und der in Agypten verfassten inschriften (2nd edn.; 2 v. in 6), W. de Gruyter, Berlin.
Morwood, James. 2001. Oxford Grammar of Classical Greek, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Pratt, Louise H. 2010. The Essentials of Greek Grammar: A Reference for Intermediate Readers of Attic Greek, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Rijksbaron, Albert. 2006. The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek: An Introduction (3rd edn.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.
Schwyzer, Eduard and Albert Debrunner. 1988. Griechische Grammatik: auf der Grundlage von Karl Brugmanns Griechischer Grammatik (5th edn.), Beck, Munich.
Smyth, Herbert Weir. 1984 [1916]. Greek Grammar (rev. edn.), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Thompson, G. S. 1999 [1955]. Greek Prose Usage: A Companion to Greek Prose Composition, Bristol Classical Press, Bristol.
Threatte, Leslie. 1980–1996. The Grammar of Attic Inscriptions, W. de Gruyter, Berlin and New York.
II.2 Comparative Grammars
Buck, Carl. 1962. Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, University Press, Chicago.
Now out of date.
Sihler, Andrew L. 2008. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
The best modern treatment.
II.3 New Testament/Koine Greek
Blass, F. and A. Debrunner. 1961. A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (trans. and rev. of 9th-10th German edn. with notes of A. Debrunner by R. W. Funk), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Probably the standard New Testament grammar for many English speaking scholars.
Blass, F. and A. Debrunner. 2001. Grammatik des neutestamentlichen Griechisch (18th edn.; ed. Friedrich Rehkopf), Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, Göttingen.
Brooks, James A. and Winbery, Carlton L. 1994. A Morphology of New Testament Greek: A Review and Reference Grammar, University Press of America, Lanham, Md.
Burton, Ernest de Witt, 1973. Syntax of the Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek (3rd edn.), Clark, Edinburgh.
Fanning, Buist M. 1990. Verbal Aspect in New Testament Greek, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Funk, Robert Walter. 1973. A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek (2nd edn.), Society of Biblical Literature, Missoula, Mont.
McKay, K. L. 1992. “Time and Aspect in New Testament Greek,” Novum Testamentum 34.3: 209-228.
McKay, K. L. 1994. A New Syntax of the Verb in New Testament Greek: An Aspectual Approach, P. Lang, New York.
Moule, C. F. D. 1975. An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek (2nd edn. 6th impression), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Moulton, James Hope. 1976 [1863–1917]. A Grammar of New Testament Greek (4 vols.), Clark, Edinburgh.
An older but respected standard New Testament grammar.
Mounce, William D. 1993. The Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament, Zondervan Pub. House, Grand Rapids, Mich.
Mounce, William D. 1994. The Morphology of Biblical Greek: A Companion to Basics of Biblical Greek and the Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament, Zondervan Pub. House, Grand Rapids, MI.
Porter, Stanley E. 1993. Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament: With Reference to Tense and Mood, P. Lang, New York.
Porter, Stanley E. 1994. Idioms of the Greek New Testament (2nd edn.), Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield.
Robertson, A. T. 1934. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (4th edn.), Broadman Press, Nashville.
Robertson, A. T. and W. Hersey Davis. 1977. A New Short Grammar of the Greek New Testament (10th edn.), Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, Mich.
Stagg, Frank. 1972. “The Abused Aorist,” Journal of Biblical Literature 91.2: 222-231.
Wallace, Daniel B. 1996. Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Mich.
An intermediate grammar for students.
Bakker, Egbert J. 2010. A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester.
Christidis, A.-F. 2007. A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, (rev. and exp. trans.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez. 2005. A History of the Greek Language: From its Origins to the Present (trans. Francisca Rojas del Canto), Brill, Leiden.
Palmer, Leonard R. 1995. The Greek Language, Bristol Classical Press, London.
IV.I Classical Pronunciation
Allen, William Sidney. 1978. Vox Graeca: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Greek (2nd edn.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Now superseded by Allen 1987.
Allen, William Sidney. 1987. Vox Graeca: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Greek (3rd edn.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
The most recent edition.
Sommerstein, Alan H. 1973. The Sound Pattern of Ancient Greek, Blackwell, Oxford.
IV.2 Pronunciation of New Testament/Koine Greek
Christidis, A.-F. 2007. A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, (rev. and exp. trans.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. p. 599ff.
Teodorsson, S. T. 1977. The Phonology of Ptolemaic Koine, Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, Goeteborg.
Rife, J. M. 1982. “Greek Language of the NT,” in Geoffrey W. Bromiley (ed.), The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. E–J (rev. edn.), Paternoster, Grand Rapids and Exeter 1982. 568–573, at pp. 568–569.
Chandler, Henry W. 1881. A Practical Introduction to Greek Accentuation (2nd edn.), Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Lukinovich, Alessandra and Steinrück, Martin. 2009. Introduction à l’accentuation grecque ancienne, Georg, Chêne-Bourg.
Postgate, John P. 1924. A Short Guide to the Accentuation of Ancient Greek, University Press of Liverpool, London.
Probert, Philomen. 2003. A New Short Guide to the Accentuation of Ancient Greek, Bristol Classical, Bristol.
Probert, Philomen. 2006. Ancient Greek Accentuation: Synchronic Patterns, Frequency Effects, and Prehistory, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.
Voyles, J. B. 1974. “Ancient Greek Accentuation,” Glotta 52: 65–91.
New Testament Greek Grammar Books: A List of Beginning, Intermediate, and Advanced N.T. Greek Grammars
http://www.ntgreek.org/books/grambook.htm
Extended Bibliography
Pronunciation
Brodotskaya, Anastassia. 1997. “Notes to the Reconstruction of the Ancient Greek Pronunciation offered by S. G. Daitz,” Hyperboreus 3.2: 353–361.
Daitz S. G. 1984. The Pronunciation and Reading of Ancient Greek. A Practical Guide, Norton, Guilford, CT. (20 pp. 2 cassettes).
Daitz, Stephen G. 2001–2002. “Further Notes on the Pronunciation of Ancient Greek,” Classical World 95.4: 411–412.
Dillon, Matthew. 2000-2001. “The Erasmian Pronunciation of Ancient Greek: A New Perspective,” Classical World 94.4: 323–334.
Else, Gerald F. 1967. “The Pronunciation of Classical Names and Words in English,” Classical Journal 62.5: 210–214.
Hatch, Norman L. 1969. “The Pronunciation of Aeschylus, Etc., in English,” Classical Journal 64.5: 213–215.
Miller, Walter. 1935. “The Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Proper Names in English,” Classical Journal 30.6: 325–334.
Skiles, Jonah W. D. 1948. “The Pronunciation of Greek and Latin,” Classical Journal 43.4: 222.
Grammar
De Jong, Jan R. and Laan, Nancy M. “A Grammar for Greek Verse,” in Research in Humanities Computing. 4, Selected papers from the ALLC/AHC Conference, Christ Church, Oxford, April 1992. 171–184 (details on a metrical analysis computer program).
Funk, R. W. 1973. A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek, I: Sight and sound. Nominal System. Verbal System, Harvard Divinity School, Cambridge, MA.
Gignac, F. T. 1970. “The Language of the Non-Literary Greek Papyri,” in D. H. Samuel (ed.), Proceedings of the Twelfth International Congress of Papyrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 12–17 August 1968, Hakkert, Toronto and Amsterdam. 139–152.
Rydbeck, L. 1975. “What Happened to New Testament Greek Grammar after Albert Debrunner?,” New Testament Studies 21: 424–427.
Wahlgren, Staffan. 2002. “Towards a Grammar of Byzantine Greek,” Symbolae Osloenses 77: 201–204.
Wouters, A. 1977. “A Greek Grammar and a Graeco-Latin lexicon on St. Paul (Rom., 2 Cor., Gal., Eph.). A Note on E. A. Lowe, C.L.A., Supplement N° 1683,” Scriptorium 31: 240–242.
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